When it comes to complete root coverage of exposed root surfaces, several limiting factors have been suggested. Although tooth malposition and papillae dimension are capable of influencing root coverage, they have not received sufficient emphasis in the literature. Therefore, the aim of the present commentary is to discuss the impact of tooth malposition and papillae dimension on rootcoverage outcomes. This commentary combines evidence from the literature with the authors' experience. Limited evidence is available in the literature regarding the influence of tooth malposition on root-coverage outcomes. Severe buccal displacement and tooth extrusion and/or rotation may limit the amount of achievable root coverage, and the cementoenamel junction should no longer be considered the landmark for root coverage in these cases. The relationship between papillae dimension and root coverage has been tested in different clinical conditions and by applying different root-coverage approaches, thereby resulting in contradictory outcomes. The clinical experience of the authors suggests that having wider papillae is advantageous for coronally advanced flap and tunnel flap preparations and connective tissue graft stabilization. Although scientific evidence and the authors' clinical experience suggest that papillae dimension can play a major role in determining the surgical management of soft tissues and the amount of achievable root coverage, further studies are necessary to evaluate to which extent papillae dimensions contribute to treatment outcomes.
