Purpose: The objective of this study was to review the available literature regarding the use of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) in human alveolar ridge augmentation and to assess its effectiveness for this specific use. Materials and Methods: Three electronic searches of the MEDLINE database were performed. Results: This review noted a wide range of study protocols, carrier systems, study periods, and outcome measures. Conclusion: Within the limits of this literature review, the use of rhPDGF-BB and bone regeneration/ridge augmentation led to greater clinical attachment level gain and bone regeneration prior to implant placement. More controlled clinical studies are needed to establish the effectiveness of rhPDGF-BB in alveolar ridge augmentation. Keywords: alveolar ridge augmentation, bone regeneration, recombinant platelet-derived growth factor BB, rhPDGF-BB