Rigid Fixation by Means of Titanium Mesh in Edentulous Ridge Expansion for Horizontal Ridge Augmentation in the Maxilla

The edentulous ridge expansion has been introduced in recent years to reestablish an appropriate alveolar ridge width. This technique consists of the placement of implants in the space formed after the dislocation of the buccal plate in a labial direction. In guided bone regeneration, the quantity of bone regenerated under the membranes has been demonstrated to be directly related to the amount of the space under the membranes. This space can diminish as a result of membrane collapse. To avoid this problem, a new technique of edentulous ridge expansion, which involved the use of a titanium mesh barrier to protect the regenerating tissues and to achieve a rigid fixation of the bone segments, was used in association with autologous bone in 25 patients. At second-stage surgery in all patients, it was possible to see tissue, under the mesh, that had the macroscopic characteristics of mature bone and was superficially covered by a thin soft tissue layer. The microscopic examination showed that all autologous bone particles were embedded in newly formed bone. The use of a rigid mesh can assist bone regeneration in non-space-making defects, since it probably does not interfere with the blood flow to the underlying tissues because of the presence of microholes within the mesh. Keywords: autologous bone grafting, blocking microscrews, bone expansion, titanium mesh