Differential Diagnosis of Reactive Tumoriform Lesions in the Gingiva - Case Series

Description of cases: Case 1: A 79-year-old male patient with hypertension and renal failure. Asymptomatic lesion, whose anatomopathological examination derived from the excisional biopsy revealed the diagnosis of pyogenic granuloma. Case 2: A 42-year-old female patient medicated with paroxetine. Asymptomatic lesion, whose anatomopathological examination derived from the excisional biopsy revealed the diagnosis of peripheral giant cell granuloma. Case 3: A 39-year-old male patient, medicated with pregabalin and tapentadol. Asymptomatic lesion, whose anatomopathological examination derived from the excisional biopsy revealed the diagnosis of peripheral ossifying fibroma. Case 4: Male patient with 45 years of age, with no relevant medical history. Asymptomatic lesion, whose anatomopathological examination derived from the excisional biopsy revealed the diagnosis of focal fibrous hyperplasia. Discussion: When a tumoriform lesion is present in the oral cavity, it is fundamental to formulate a differential diagnosis that allows us to approach it correctly. Although benign, these lesions present a high potential for growth, with eventual functional and aesthetic commitment. In addition, its clinical appearance is similar to neoplastic lesions, underlining the importance of its early diagnosis and treatment. Conclusions: Reactive tumoriform lesions in the gingiva are commonly observed in the oral cavity due to the high frequency of trauma and irritating factors at that site. It is thus fundamental the recognition of these entities, making a correct definitive diagnosis, through anatomopathological examination, and implementing the correct therapy. It is important to eliminate / control the associated etiologic agent in cases of recurrent lesions. Keywords: reactive tumoriform lesions, gingiva, pyogenic granuloma, peripheral giant cell granuloma, peripheral ossifying fibrom, focal fibrous hyperplasia