How to optimize growing techniques of osteoblasts on bone substitute of bovine origin

In maxillo-facial surgery bone substitutes are used in clinical routine in sinus floor elevation and defect reconstruction. Reconstruction with tissue engineered bone needs a 3D structured biomaterial which can be also a bone substitute. In this study we wanted to optimize the cell adhesion and growing onto one commercial available bone substitute of bovine origin. The bone substitute has an osteconducvtive mineral structure. Additionally we used the same material with a covering of 10 % collagen fibres. Both materials were normally adjusted in its native state without any cell complement. Evaluations of these two materials on its tissue engineering properties were made. We distinguished from treated and untreated matrices. In the first experiment the materials were put into a culture medium over night without any prehandling. After 24 hours 1 x 105 cells were seeded onto the materials. Parallel in the second experiment the materials were put in a perfusion culture for 48 hours. 1 x 105 Osteoblasts were seeded. We divided into two groups and put one of it into a vacuum exicator for 1 minute. Both groups were put into the CO2 cell incubator like in the other experiment. After one week the evaluation was made with cell proliferation tests (EZ4U) and the cell colonization was investigated with scanning electron microscope. Additionally we compared sheep and human osteoblasts for these experiments. As conclusion there was different adhesion and growing pattern of the osteoblasts. The best results were found in the perfusion chamber combined with the vacuum treatment and worst results without prehandling. Keywords: tissue engineering, growing, rapid prototyping