Research has shown a decrease in femoral bone-to-implant contact in rats with uncontrolled diabetes. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that this decrease may be the result of a decreased mineral apposition rate. In 20 normal and 20 diabetic rats, a titanium implant was inserted into the tooth extraction socket immediately after the right maxillary molars were extracted. There was a significantly reduced mineral apposition rate in the diabetic rats compared with the normal rats (P = .0001), but no difference between rats sacrificed at 20 and 40 days (P = .297). The results suggest that implant insertion immediately following tooth extraction in patients with poorly controlled diabetes is contraindicated.