As the baby boomer generation in the United States ages, more patients are using bisphosphonates for systemic bone diseases like osteoporosis. Because of their ability to inhibit bone resorption and osteoclastic activity, bisphosphonates may also be beneficial in modulating host response for periodontal disease management. This literature review examines the mechanism of action for bisphosphonates and their uses in treating periodontal disease. The dental profession should continue to evaluate this class of drugs and to closely monitor patients who are on bisphosphonate therapy. Keywords: bisphosphonate therapy, osteoporosis, periodontal disease