Computer-aided measurement of the functional joint space of the temporomandibular joint

In relevant literature, the subject of occlusion and etiopathogenetic factor for TMD (temporomandibular joint disorder) is controversially discussed. The position of the condyle amid the fossa articularis is questionable in the same way, since static occlusion defines the position of the condyle in ICP (intercuspation position). Using optoelectronic measurement devices with a resolving capacity more than MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), the so-called functional joint space is defined, and within its limits the condyles must be arranged. This space could be represented by passive manipulations coming from ICP of the probands, measured by condylography, as passive movement capacity in all dimensions. The passive manipulations were achieved in retral, cranial and medial direction with a force of 0.5-1 N. Probands whose condyles were located in the center of the functional joint space, had shown physiologic jaw movements and were free from symptoms of TMD syndrome. The study of 50 TMD patients has shown quite another characteristic. The manner of condylar movement was dysfunctional, and the direction of the condylar movement capacity amid the fossa articularis was different. Thus the importance of the position of the condyle in the development of TMD is obvious and also according to this, the role of static occlusion. In addition, as secondary cognition this article will accentuate the role of computerized condylography in diagnostics and therapy of TMD. Keywords: computer-assisted examination, condylar position analysis, TMD, functional joint space