Growth of the Mandible after Condylar Reconstruction by Autogenous Coronoid Process Graft in Goats

Objective:To investigate the effect of condylar reconstruction by autogenous coronoid process graft on mandibular growth. Methods: Eighteen growing goats were randomly divided into group A (n = 10) and group B (n = 8). Each animal underwent right condyle removal and was treated by coronoid process graft. Three-dimensional computerised tomography was performed at different intervals. Animals in group A were used for mandibular measurements at 48 weeks postoperatively. Animals in group B were sacrificed at 24 and 48 weeks postoperatively for histological observation. Results: No difference was found in ramus height, mandibular height, and mandibular length between the two sides. The neocondylar size increased significantly, whereas there was a significant reduction of ramus width on the operated side. A well-organised fibrocartilage was seen at the neocondylar surface over time. Conclusion: This study suggests that a neocondyle reconstructed by autogenous coronoid process has the potential to grow under temporomandibular joint functional stimuli. Therefore, this technique may serve as an alternative method for condylar reconstruction in growing individuals. Keywords: temporomandibular joint, mandibular condyle, reconstruction, coronoid process, growth