The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants, 02/1990

To study the oral function of partially edentulous patients treated with fixed prostheses on osseointegrated implants, recordings of the masticatory efficiency and occlusal perception of thickness were performed. The retrievable fixed partial prostheses were used to study the immediate impact of reduced fixed occlusal support on masticatory efficiency. The masticatory efficiency was subjectively satisfactory but objectively lower when compared to naturally complete dentate persons. Furthermore, the immediate impact of reduced fixed occlusal support was compromised masticatory efficiency, which was more pronounced when the occlusal support was removed on either side. Keywords: masticatory efficiency, oral function, osseointegrated implants, tactile sensibility

The purpose of the present study was to experimentally determine if cementum formation with inserting collagen fibers can be accomplished on dental implants. Titanium implants were placed in the mandible of monkeys, where apical root portions were retained. The histologic examination of undecalcified sections revealed that a cementum layer on the implant surface with inserting collagen fibers was achieved around implants placed in close relationship to retained roots; however, implants without contact to retained roots demonstrated the typical findings of osseointegration. These results demonstrate that dental implants with a true periodontal ligament can be accomplished. Keywords: cementum formation, dental implants, osseointegration, periodontal ligament, titanium implants, wound healing

This paper investigates the use of the dynamic ultraviolet sterilization process with various dental implants, stainless steel orthopedic cortical bone screws, and polysulfone polymer healing caps. These biomaterials were inoculated with the spores of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus stearothermophilus. They were then exposed to dynamic ultraviolet radiation in the chamber of a BUD Ultraviolet Device. Samples were incubated in trypticase soy broth at 37°C and 56°C, and they were subcultured onto an enriched agar medium. Results indicate that 16 seconds of dynamic ultraviolet radiation is effective in sterilizing these materials. This is significantly less time than other sterilization techniques presently used. Keywords: cortical bone screws, dental implants, polysulfone polymers, sterilization, ultraviolet light

Twenty-four Astra titanium dental implants were inserted bilaterally, three on each side, into the mandibles of four dogs to study mucosal and bone-implant junctions. After a healing period of 6 months, the dogs were sacrificed and bone sections with implants were removed and processed for histologic evaluation. All implants were stable, and radiographs disclosed complete bone healing. The surrounding mucosa closely resembled that surrounding natural teeth. Histometric analysis of the alveolar bone revealed that, on average, 61.3% of the implant surface interface was integrated in the bone at the light-microscopic level. Keywords: dog, histomorphometry, implantology, light microscopy, mandible, osseointegration, screw implants, transmission electron microscopy

This paper describes the surgical and restorative use of the Integral endosseous implant for overdenture stabilization with different types of retentive attachments. The clinical experiences of 90 overdenture patients with follow-up to 56 months postrestoration are discussed. With proper patient work-up, failure and morbidity has remained low. Keywords: endosseous implant, hydroxyapatite, Integral implant, overdenture

There is limited literature describing the early events that follow subperiosteal suprabony implantation of particulate hydroxyapatite (HA)/collagen composite grafts. This paper investigates, both in vitro and in vivo, the influence of a water-based environment on compressed collagen fiber cylinders and compressed HA/collagen blocks. Following subperiosteal extrabony implantation of an HA/collagen block, the HA particles were not retained within the original dimensions of the preformed dry block. The separation of the particles was related to the expansion of collagen on hydration and to the amount, degree of cross-linking, and degree of compression of the collagen. Keywords: collagen, collagen hydrophilia, composite implants, hydroxyapatite

Osseointegrated implants in 50 edentulous jaws were studied during a 2-year observation period. The implant survival rate was 89% in the maxillae and 97% in the mandibles. The marginal bone loss averaged 1.7 mm in the maxillae and 1.1 mm in the mandibles. Most of this bone loss occurred during the first year. The bone loss was greater in jaws with a preoperatively minor resorption of the alveolar ridge than in those with moderate or advanced resorption. The bone loss was also greater at the medially positioned implants than at those more posterior. Keywords: clinical study, endosteal implants, longitudinal study, osseointegrated implants, titanium implants

The ITI hollow-screw implant is part of the new ITI Bonefit® concept, which is based on more than 10 years of clinical experience with former ITI implants. Among other properties, ITI implants are characterized by a one-stage surgical procedure. This article describes the presurgical evaluation and surgical procedures for the treatment of partially edentulous patients with ITI hollow-screw implants. Of 111 implants placed, 110 revealed a complication-free tissue integration and one failed. These results demonstrate that one-stage ITI hollow-screw implants have a high predictability for successful tissue integration. Keywords: hollow screw implant, ITI implants, partially edentulous patients, presurgical evaluation, surgical procedures

A new analysis technique that provides a shape pattern of the maxilla or mandible is described. This technique uses a software program of computed tomography multiplanar reformation (CT/MPR). The successive cross-sectional images obtained by the CT/MPR are numbered, and the height and width of the maxilla and mandible at each of these cross sectional images at specified levels are measured. The measured height and width are plotted against the number of the cross-section. This technique, termed maxilla/mandible shape pattern analysis (MSPA), creates an easy profile of the shape of the maxilla and mandible, and it enhances treatment planning for the placement of dental implants. Keywords: computed tomography, cross-sectional x-ray imaging, dental implant, diagnosis, treatment planning, MSPA, presurgical evaluation

German Society of Dental Medicine. At that time, the scientific status of implantology was described and therapeutic guidelines were established. In recent years, this was the basis for negotiations and decisions in the most diverse institutions, and ultimately for the recognition of this specialty in terms of health policy. From a scientific and practical point of view, the stormy further development of implantology in recent years had led to the demand for a consensus conference. This consensus conference was to be organized to draw up a statement on the present state of the art. On the occasion of the 12th Scientific Meeting in Hamburg, April 21 to 23, 1989, during the members' meeting of the Implantology working group within the German Society of Dental Medicine, the convocation of such a conference was resolved. It took place on October 18, 1989, in Mainz and led to the present statement. (The leading speaker is specified for each individual section.) In the following, implants are considered to be artificial abutments that are implanted into the jaw bones (endosseous implants). They serve to support crowns and fixed prostheses or to stabilize a prosthesis.