Levels of interleukin 1-beta and soluble urokinase plasminogen activation factor in peri-implant sulcular fluid of cement- and screw-retained dental implants

Objective: The present study compared interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) and soluble urokinase plasminogen activation factor receptor (suPAR) levels in peri-implant sulcular fluid of patients with cement-retained and screw-retained implants.
Method and materials: Patients with cement-retained and screw-retained implants were included. Demographic data were collected, and implant-related characteristics (geometry, insertion torque, loading and retention protocol, arch location, duration in function, and depth of insertion) were retrieved from records. Modified Plaque Index, crestal bone loss, probing depth, and modified Bleeding Index were measured. suPAR and IL-1β levels were assessed in peri-implant sulcular fluid. Statistical comparisons were done and correlation between clinicoradiographic parameters and peri-implant sulcular fluid IL-1β and suPAR were assessed. Statistical significance was judged at P < .05.
Results: Clinical and radiographic parameters showed no difference among screw-retained and cement-retained implants. There was no difference peri-implant sulcular fluid volume among patients with cement-retained (0.22 ± 0.00 μL) and screw-retained (0.19 ± 0.005 μL) implants. Levels of IL-1β and suPAR in patients with cement-retained and screw-retained implants were 50.08 ± 0.6 ng/mL and 44.6 ± 0.08 ng/mL, and 0.28 ± 0.05 ng/mL and 0.22 ± 0.006 ng/mL, respectively.
Conclusion: Implants with cement-retained or screw-retained restorations are comparable to one another in terms of clinicoradiographic status and demonstrate IL-1β and suPAR levels within the normal range in the peri-implant sulcular fluid provided oral hygiene is stringently maintained.