Commonly used systemic drugs interfering with 
bone remodeling: a case report and literature review

Bone regeneration and remodeling are crucial to healing after surgical interventions. Local and systemic factors impact healing. Some well-known medications actively alter bone remodeling. The objective of this report was to increase awareness of less commonly recognized medications that may delay the integration of bone grafts. This case report presents the delayed integration of a bone graft after tooth removal, socket preservation, and ridge augmentation procedures in a patient taking various medications that may have affected bone remodeling. The literature review enables the discussion of evidence regarding delayed bone remodeling associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, metformin, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and the clinical implications for patients taking these medications.