Repair Success of Two Innovative Hybrid Materials as a Function of Different Surface Treatments

Purpose: To evaluate surface treatments for chipping in order to avoid bonding problems between hybrid materials and composite resin and to determine the optimal surface treatment method during intraoral repair of restorations to achieve clinical success. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 samples were prepared from computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufactured (CAD/CAM) blocks: 48 polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC) and 48 resin nano-ceramic (RNC). Prior to application of the surface treatments, the two test groups were each divided into four subgroups: control group; hydrofluoric acid group; hydrofluoric acid with silane group; and air-abraded with silica-coated aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) sand with silane group. Each subgroup contained 12 samples. A shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed after artificial aging (5,000 cycles, 5°C to 55°C). Results: For both types of ceramic used, all subgroups showed significantly higher SBS values than the control groups (P .05). The highest SBS values for both types of ceramic were observed in the air-abraded with silica-coated Al₂O₃ particles group. Conclusion: Each of the surface treatment methods increased the SBS, with the most effective method being air abrasion with silica-coated Al₂O₃.