The Effect of Different Screw-Tightening Techniques on the Strain Generated on an Internal-Connection Implant Superstructure. Part 2: Models Created with a Splinted Impression Technique

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different screw-tightening sequences, torques, and methods on the strains generated on an internal-connection implant (Astra Tech) superstructure with good fit. Materials and Methods: An edentulous mandibular master model and a metal framework directly connected to four parallel implants with a passive fit to each other were fabricated. Six stone casts were made from a dental stone master model by a splinted impression technique to represent a well-fitting situation with the metal framework. Strains generated by four screw-tightening sequences (1-2-3-4, 4-3-2-1, 2-4-3-1, and 2-3-1-4), two torques (10 and 20 Ncm), and two methods (one-step and two-step) were evaluated. In the two-step method, screws were tightened to the initial torque (10 Ncm) in a predetermined screw-tightening sequence and then to the final torque (20 Ncm) in the same sequence. Strains were recorded twice by three strain gauges attached to the framework (superior face midway between abutments). Deformation data were analyzed using multiple analysis of variance at a .05 level of statistical significance. Results: In all stone casts, strains were produced by connection of the superstructure, regardless of screw-tightening sequence, torque, and method. No statistically significant differences in superstructure strains were found based on screw-tightening sequences (range, -409.8 to -413.8 µm/m), torques (-409.7 and -399.1 µm/m), or methods (-399.1 and -410.3 µm/m). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, screw-tightening sequence, torque, and method were not critical factors for the strain generated on a well-fitting internal-connection implant superstructure by the splinted impression technique. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of screw-tightening techniques on the preload stress in various different clinical situations. Palabras clave: internal-connection dental implant, screw-tightening sequence, splinted impression technique, strain, tightening method, tightening torque