Objective: To evaluate, in situ, the color stability of a printed resin (PR), milled resin (MR), and bisacrylic resin (BR) after exposure to coffee and cigarette smoke. Materials and Methods: Twelve participants per group (Control, coffee consumers, and smokers) used intraoral devices containing the specimens resins. Seventy-two samples of each resin were prepared, and initial surface roughness and color readings recorded. Participants wore the device, containing two samples of each resin, for 15 days, brushing three times per day. Final color and surface roughness measurements were obtained. Water sorption and solubility analyses were conducted (n=20). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05). Results: BR had the highest alterations in surface roughness under control conditions and after cigarette smoke exposure (p<0.05). PR showed the highest surface roughness and MR the lowest alteration after coffee consumption (p<0.05). After coffee consumption, BR exhibited higher color change than PR (p<0.05); and following cigarette smoke exposure, BR showed the highest alteration (p<0.05), while MR had the lowest (p<0.05). Cigarette smoke caused the highest color change across all resins. BR exhibited highest water sorption and solubility (p<0.05). Conclusion: Printed and milled resins demonstrated better color stability and less alteration in surface roughness change compared to bis-acrylic resin. Clinical Significance: The results suggest that clinicians may achieve better esthetic outcomes by opting for digital methods, especially in patients exposed to common staining agents like coffee and cigarette smoke.
