DZZ International, 02/2022

Introduction: The orthodontic treatment of adult patients with interdisciplinary treatment needs often presents a challenge and it requires good cooperation between dental specialists in order to achieve an optimal result. The case report describes the joint interdisciplinary treatment of a 40-year-old patient with Angle class III occlusion, progenic forced bite, severely malpositioned teeth and periodontitis. Conservative dental treatment was also neces-sary due to insufficient restorations and carious lesions. Treatment method: The therapy encompassed orthognatic surgery as well as orthodontic, periodontal and conservative treatments together with tooth re-contouring at the end. Following thorough treatment planning, the first step involved systematic periodontal treatment. Once stable periodontal conditions were achieved and maintained, the position of the maxillary front teeth was corrected by means of a multibracket appliance, followed by bimaxillary ortho-gnathic surgery. Finally, direct tooth recontouring using composite resins was performed in order to improve the esthetic appearance of the maxillary front teeth. Result: Thanks to good interdisciplinary cooperation between specialists in various dental disciplines including maxillofacial surgery, periodontology, orthodontics and conservative dentistry, the healthy and painless functioning of the jaws could be restored under healthy periodontal conditions and an esthetically appealing appearance of the teeth could be achieved. Conclusion: Shared objectives and treatment planning between dental specialists should be aimed for in patients requiring interdisciplinary treatment. In order to achieve optimal treatment outcomes, the individual treatment steps should always be planned and, if necessary, adjusted in terms of time and interim results. Keywords: dysgnathia, orthognatic surgery, periodontal treatment, preoperative and postoperative orthodontic treatment, tooth recontouring

Introduction: Tooth surface loss (TSL) is a physiological process, which is multifactorial and progresses throughout life. Depending on the extent and progression of TSL, it may be necessary for the dental practitioner to initiate individualized preventive and/or therapeutic measures in cooperation with the affected patient. Methods: In the first part of this narrative review, a literature search on PubMed and in the S3 guideline on bruxism was conducted; various studies appearing up to February 2020 were evaluated. Within this framework, the second part of this article explains when pre-restorative treatments are indicated, when a bite elevation should be performed, as well as, how it can be implemented and to what extent it is limited. Moreover, the various pre- prosthetic and restorative treatment options are elucidated. Additionally, the different dental materials and their advantages and disadvantages in terms of esthetics, function and long-term results are described. Results: Although physiological, age-related TSL is an indication for treatment only in exceptional cases, extensive TSL affecting the supporting zone of the dentition or reaching far into the dentin usually must be treated. In such cases, it may be necessary to restore and secure the occlusal and vertical jaw relation by means of prosthetic rehabilitation. Most commonly, extensive TSL is treated by means of indirect restorations made of metal and ceramics. In this respect, tooth preparation for crowns and bridges can be seen as a disadvantage as it results in additional circular loss of tooth substance. Tooth- colored, minimally invasive restorations are considered a good alternative depending on the financial means of the patient. Conclusion: At present, there is no universally suitable restorative therapy concept for patients with TSL; rather, highly individualized treatment decisions must be made for each patient whereby both esthetic and functional parameters are taken into consideration in the decision-making process. Keywords: bite elevation, bridge, ceramic, composite, crown, non-cariogenic tooth surface loss (TSL), splint

Introduction: According to the actual EFP guidelines, first step of periodontal therapy should include oral hygiene instructions (OHI), comprising the use of interdental brushes (IDBs). Yet, non-conclusive evidence exists for their effect. The present multicentric clinical controlled explorative study compared the clinical outcomes of two NSPT (non-surgical periodontal therapy) concepts under university settings, one with (in Germany (NSPT-G)) and one without IDBs (in Egypt (NSPT-E)). Methods: 23 stage III/IV periodontitis patients (NSPT-G/NSPT-E:11/12) were examined before (T0) and after NSPT (T1). Patients' demographic data, tooth loss, clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depths (PD) and bleeding on prob-ing (BOP) were assessed. ANOVA and Mann-Whitney-U tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Baseline differences were observed in terms of age, severity and tooth number per patients. NSPT duration was 1.6 times longer in NSPT-G vs. NSPT-E. Improvements of BOP, PD and CAL were observed in both groups, with greater mean percentage reduction of PD for NSPT-G vs. NSPT-E (–26.86 (9.29) %/–12.61 (9.38) %; p=0.004). Similar effects were observed for changes in CAL, with higher improvement in NSPT-G vs. NSPT-E (–34.84 (11.18) %/–10.98 (10.6) %; p0.001). Conclusion: Both NSPT concepts achieved significantly beneficial clinical effects for patients within their socio-economic circumstance. However, according to the limitations of the explorative study, a clear benefit for a treatment concept comprised of NSPT in combination with comprehensive OHI and IDC during periodontal treatment remains unconfirmed. Keywords: bleeding on probing, instruction, motivation, non-surgical periodontal therapy, oral hygiene, periodontitis

Introduction: Otto Walkhoff is considered one of the most important dentists of the early 20th century. But while he gained lasting fame as the eponym of scientific developments ("Walkhoff-Paste", "Walkhoff-Aufreiber"), the knowledge about his personality and the background of his retirement is rather fragmentary. His relationship to National Socialism has received even less attention. The present contribution takes the existing gaps in research as an opportunity for a synoptic analysis of Walkhoff's life and work. Material and methods: Archival files, an autobiographical writing by Walkhoff (1934) and the "History of the Walkhoff Family" published in 1939 are the basis of this study. In addition, a comprehensive re-analysis of secondary sources (doctoral theses, specialist essays, eulogies, necrologists) on Walkhoff and his environment was carried out. Results: Walkhoff was a pioneer in dental radiology and endodontics and the doyen of the dental doctorate. On the other hand, he was in clinches with colleagues and authorities for decades, which ultimately led to his forced early retirement. In political terms, Walkhoff joined the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) at an unusually early stage (1929). Discussion and conclusion: Walkhoff was exceptionally well recognised in his field, but highly controversial as a personality. He joined the NSDAP at a time when it was neither politically opportune nor career-enhancing. He remained faithful to Nazi ideology until his death, and in 1934 – and thus one year after the change of power – he explicitly positioned himself as a supporter of Hitler. At the same time, he placed himself at a critical distance from two democratic parties, the BVB and SPD, which both were dissolved in 1933. Keywords: DGZMK, NSDAP, National Socialism, radiology, tooth preservation