A Pilot Study to Assess the Performance of a Partially Threaded Sintered Porous-Surfaced Dental Implant in the Dog Mandible

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare patterns of crestal bone remodeling with 2 sintered porous-surfaced dental implant designs during a 14-month functional period. Materials and Methods: Two root-form press-fit dental implants were evaluated in healed extraction sites in dog mandibles. The standard (control) design was a press-fit implant with a 2-mm machined collar; the remainder of the implant had a sintered porous surface. The test or "hybrid" design had 3 coronal machined threads instead of a machined collar; the remainder of the implant had a sintered porous surface. Results: Standardized radiographs indicated significantly less crestal bone loss (0.82 to 0.93 mm versus 1.45 to 1.5 mm) with the hybrid design and a slower approach toward an apparent steady state (12 to 14 months for the hybrid versus 7 months for the standard design). Morphometric assessment of back-scattered scanning electron micrographs confirmed that crestal bone loss was significantly less for the hybrid design on all but the lingual implant aspect. Conclusion: The addition of coronal threads to an implant relying on a sintered porous surface geometry for its long-term osseointegration reduced the extent of crestal bone loss compared to a machined collar region. Keywords: coronal threaded collar, crestal bone loss, implant design, machined smooth collar