Guided periodontal surgery: a novel approach for the treatment of gummy smile. A case report

An excessive gingival display, which commonly influences the appearance of the smile and the social behavior of patients, can be the result of various factors, including vertical maxillary excess, alterated passive eruption (APE), and a short or hyperactive upper lip. Surgical stents and guides have been used more frequently in clinical crown lengthening procedures during recent years to promote a higher level of precision and more predictable results. The aim of this article is to describe a novel approach for treating patients with APE who have high esthetic demands.