Sandblasted and Acid-etched Dental Implants: A Histologic Study in Rats

Purpose: Current literature has revealed that surface etching of endosseous implants can improve bone-implant contact. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in bone-implant contact (BIC) between sandblasted/acid-etched and machined-surface implants. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Two implant surfaces, Ecotek (sandblasted/ acid-etched) and machined, were used with 1 implant placed in each tibia of the animals. A total of 64 implants were placed. BIC was evaluated at 5, 15, 30, and 60 days. Histomorphometry of the BIC was evaluated statistically. Results: The sandblasted/acid-etched surface demonstrated a greater BIC percentage than the machined surface. This difference was statistically significant only at 30 and 60 days after healing. Discussion and Conclusion: The sandblasted/acid-etched surface demonstrated a stronger bone response than the machined one at a later period of healing.