Strategic Use of Ultrasonic Frequencies for Targeted Bone Biomodification Following Piezoelectric Bone Surgery in Rats. Part II: Late Phase

Piezoelectric surgery utilizes ultrasonic vibrations to cut bone more precisely and less traumatically than conventional methods. The regional acceleratory phenomenon following bone injury has a demineralization phase followed by a remineralization phase. Part I of this study on rats assessed the biologic modifications following bone injuries with the piezoelectric knife at 10-Hz and 30-Hz modulation frequencies. Part II focuses on piezoelectric surgery–regulated osteoblast activity and changes occurring in the bone during the regeneration phase. The results indicate that at 30 Hz, the remineralization process starts at day 14 and continues until day 70, with osteoblast progenitor cells observed in the periodontal ligament around acellular new bone as early as day 14. These findings emphasize the potential for regeneration in the late postoperative phase and the possible use of the piezoelectric knife as an adjunct for guided bone regeneration, site development, or site preparation for dental implants.