The Effect of Prosthesis Length and Implant Diameter on the Stress Distribution in Tooth-Implant-Supported Prostheses: A Finite Element Analysis

Purpose: The goal of this study was to compare the stress distribution of tooth-implant-supported prostheses (TISPs) and solely implant-supported prostheses (ISPs) with two different pontic spans (three units versus four units). Materials and Methods: Two-dimensional finite element models were constructed from the radiographs of polyester resin casts to mimic TISPs and ISPs. In all, eight models were analyzed. Occlusal loads of 15 N and 30 N were applied to the premolars and molars, respectively. The lateral and inferior borders of the models were constrained, with all degrees of freedom equal to zero. Eight-node elements with plane strain assumption were used for simulation. Results: The authors found that TISPs with a short span and wider-diameter implants resulted in more homogenous stress distribution and less stress concentration on the implants. The long span yielded higher stress concentrations on the implants and between the pontics. Conclusions: In all models analyzed, stress concentrations were present in the implants.